Mrudu malay Mohapatra(papu)

WELCOME TO MY BLOG

Odisha mo Odisha

here a complete blog for u to know about orissa and many more things.

Saturday, October 25, 2008

vande utkal janani

Basant panchami(Saraswati puja)

Basanta Panchami / Saraswati Puja :

Basanta Panchami or Saraswati Puja is celebrated Throughout Orissa on Magha Shukla Panchami (January - February). People and specially students worship Goddess Saraswati and celebrate this festival with great enthusiasm.

The Deity of Saraswati
Saraswati, the goddess of wisdom, art and music. The worship of Saraswati is prevalent since the age of the “Vedas”. During the Puranic age her form was conceived and accordingly images were built. Clad in white, She rides a white swan while playing a 'veena'. White is the sign of her purity.

In Her four hands She holds a stylus, a book and plays a veena (flute) with two. The stylus and the book signify learning and the veena, music. She is seated on a lotus, which signifies beauty and heavenly origin. The swan is the vehicle as of Her father Brahma.

Time For The Festivity
This festival, held on the fifth day of the bright fortnight of the lunar month of Magha is mostly celebrated in the educational institutions. Students observe fasting since morning, wear new garments and propitiate the Goddess to bestow them with learning and eloquence. They offer 'Puspanjali' (handful of flowers) to the deity and then break their fast.

Images of the deity are built by traditional clay-modelers, who are famous in the country for their artistic skill. They make hundreds of such images small and big, for sale. In the evening cultural programmes and feasts are arranged as a part of the celebration. The next day, the images are taken in procession to nearby tanks or rivers for immersion.

Oriya "The language of Orissa"

Oriya is an official language of India and is spoken by over 35 million people all over the world. This article traces the origins and history of Oriya from the days of the Kalingas to its status in the present-day context.Oriya is classified as a member of the Indo-Aryan language super family and is the official language of the state of Orissa. Modern-day Oriya has been discovered to have originated from the Prakrit form known as Magadhi or Pali, a language spoken across kingdoms and cultures across Eastern India over 1,500 years ago. With a very strong resemblance to the modern languages, Bangla (Bengali) and Ahomiya (Assamese), Oriya distinctively seems to be relatively uninfluenced by Persian and Arabic, despite Orissa's long history of administration by the Mughals.Oriya is essentially considered to be a modified form of the Odri Prakrit form. This form of Prakrit is in turn derived from Sanskrit via the transitional Bibhasas. Modern Oriya vocabulary is estimated to be composed of 70% Sanskrit, 2% Hindustani/Persian/Arabic with the remaining 28% of mainly "Adivasi" origin. The history of Oriya has been mapped by historians along three main stages, Old Oriya (spanning between the 10th century AD and 1300 AD), Early Middle Oriya (between 1300 AD and 1500 AD), Middle Oriya (between 1500 AD and 1700 AD), Late Middle Oriya (between 1700 AD and 1850 AD) and Modern Oriya (spanning from 1850 AD till the present day).Oriya literature has had a vivid and varying history through the ages. Until about 1500AD, Oriya literature mainly comprised of poems and prose depicting religion, with the stories and glory of the gods and goddesses featuring as the main theme. The earliest use of prose can be found in the Madala Panji or the Palm-leaf Chronicles of the Jagannatha temple at Puri, which has been dated back to the 12th century. The first great poet in Oriya history is the famous Sarala Das, referred to widely as the Vyasa of Orissa, Sarala Dasa's best-known works were the Chandi Purana and the Vilanka Ramayana, written in praise of the goddess Durga. Rama-bibha, written by Arjuna Dasa, is estimated to be the first epic poem in Oriya literature's history.In the 15th century, the writings of Shri Chaitanya, which bore considerable influences from Vaishanavite traditions, brought in a new form of evolution in Oriya literature. The works of this period closely imitated, adapted and imitated the Sanskritic styles of literature with deep-set religious themes. Balarama Dasa, Jagannatha Dasa, Yasovanta, Ananta and Achyutananda were the main exponents in religious works in Oriya. A few prominent works of this period include the "Usabhilasa" by Sisu Sankara Dasa, "Rahasya Manjari" by Deva Durlabha Dasa and "Rukmini-bibha" by Kartikka Dasa. A new form of verse-based novel developed during the early 17th century after Ramachandra Pattanayaka wrote Haravali. Poets like Madhusudana, Bhima, Dhivara, Sadasiva and Sisu Isvara-dasa employed simple Oriya to compose epic poems based on themes from the "Puranas", called "Kavyas".From the turn of the 18th century, Oriya literature was heavily influenced by the instrument of verbal wordplay. Verbal jugglery became the trend of the period between 1700 and 1850, with the most effective poet proving to be Upendra Bhanja. Other poets initiated the same tool as per the trends of the era, with Bhima-Bhoi and Arakshita Dasa proving to be the most effective succesors to Upendra Bhanja. Family chronicles in prose and literature relating religious festivals and rituals were another prominent mainstay in the literature in this period.In the early years of the 19th century, Oriya literature underwent a significant metamorphosis to enter the modern era of literary styles. Three great poets and prose writers, Rai Bahadur Radhanatha Ray, Madhusudana Rao and Phakiramohana Senapati settled in Orissa and employed Oriya extensively in their literary creations. Their works introduced a modern outlook and infused a new spirit into Oriya literature. Concurrently, modern drama was born into the sphere of Oriya literature with the penning of the Kanchi-Kaveri in 1880 by the playwright and author Rama Sankara Ray.This rejuvenation in spirit was carried forward by several prominent modern writers, with Nanda Kisora Bal, Gangadhara Mehera, Chintamani Mahanti and Kuntala Kumari Sabat Utkala Bharati, Niladri Dasa and Gopabandhu Dasa being the most prominent figures in the early 20th century.The official development of the novel form in Oriya literature was realized by the stalwart works of several great Oriya writers like Umesa Sarakara, Divyasimha Panigrahi, Gopala Praharaja and Kalindi Charana Panigrahi. The poet Sachi Kanta Rauta Ray is attributed as the originator of the ultra-modern style in Oriya poetry. Other prominent modern poets in this age were the greats Godavarisa Mahapatra, Dr Mayadhara Manasimha, Nityananda Mahapatra and Kunjabihari Dasa. Other great progenitors of Oriya literature have been Fakir Mohan Senapati, Manoj Das, Kishore Charan Das, Kalindi Charan Panigrahi, and Gopinath Mohanty, with Fakir Mohan Sernapati widely recognized as the father of modern Oriya literature.Some writers made notable contributions in literature by the translation of several classics from Western literature, thus assisting in the reorientation of Oriya literature with Prabhasa Chandra Satpati, Udayanatha Shadangi, Sunanda Kara and Surendranatha Dwivedi proving to be the prime facilitators of this process.Critiques, essays and treatises on history formed another facet in Oriya literature, a development which emphasized the reinvention of Oriya literature. The most prominent personalities in this field of literature were Professor Girija Shankar Ray, Pandit Vinayaka Misra, Professor Gauri Kumara Brahma, Jagabandhu Simha and Hare Krushna Mahatab.The modern Oriya script is a development of the Kalinga script, which in turn was one of many descendents of the Brahmi script. The earliest known inscription in the Oriya language, in the Kalinga script, dates from the year 1051. A key feature of the Oriya script is the curved appearance of the alphabets. It has been surmised that this appearance was the result of the long-standing practice of writing manuscripts on palm leaves, which have a tendency to tear if too many straight lines are utilized on the surface.Oriya is a syllabic alphabet wherein all consonants have an inherent vowel embedded within. Diacritics, which can appear above, below, before or after the consonant they belong to, are used to change the form of the inherent vowel. When the diacritics appear at the beginning of a syllable, vowels are written as independent letters. Also, when certain consonants occur together, special conjunct symbols are used which combine the essential parts of each letter.While arguably, a relatively young language in comparison to some other Indian languages, the vast panoply of styles in Oriya literature simply underlines the modern outlook of the Oriya people as a whole. Efforts currently undertaken by enable the digitization of this language will ensure that this powerful and vibrant language will continue to retain its unique place in the spectrum of modern Indian culture and history.

posted by :Rudra Narayan Mohapatra,jagatpur,cuttack

Wednesday, October 22, 2008

chilka lake

Chilika has a pride of place in Orissa's literature and culture, and has influenced the poets and philosophers. It has held great significance for planners, scientists, international organizations like 'The Wetlands International' and 'Asian Wetland Bureau'. Chilika lagoon has been designated as a Ramsar site (Wetland of International importance) from the 1st October, l981.

TOPOGRAPHY
The water spread of the lagoon varies between 1165 Sq.km in monsoon to 906 Sq.km during summer, and extends over Puri, Khurda and Ganjam districts. The lagoon itself can be broadly divided in to four natural sectors based on salinity and depth: the southern zone, central zone, northern zone, and the outer channel.
ISLANDS
Numerous islands are present in the lagoon, prominent among which are Kalijai, Honeymoon, Barakuda, Breakfast, Birds Island, etc.
WILDLIFE SANCTUARY
One of the submerged (potential) islands covering, an area of 15.53 Sq.km has been notified as Chilika (Nalaban) Wildlife Sanctuary on 17th December l987. The whole area of the Chilika Lake, excluding the area notified as Sanctuary has been declared as a 'Closed Area' for a period of five years with effect from 16th December 2002.

DRAINAGE
The ecosystem features of Chilika comprising of tidal ingress from the sea, which mixes with the fresh water brought by rivers like Daya, Bhargabi, Luna, and large number of rivulets.
HUMAN HABITATION
Several ION islands are situated in this lagoon, inhabited by large human population (1.3 lakh approx.) variously dependent on this wetland for sustenance. A number of villages and towns around the lagoon are closely associated with the wetland, in one way or the other for economic activities. About 70% of this population depends on fishing as the means of livelihood.
BIODIVERSITY
The Chilika Lagoon is hot spot of rich Biodiversity.

FLORA
There are 546 species of angiospermic plants belonging to 379 genera and 107 families, above 100 phytoplankton genera, 20 species of weed and 7 pteridophytic species documented so far in the Lagoon and the islands. FAUNAChilika is very rich in both invertebrate and vertebrate fauna. This Ramsar site is the habitat for the largest congregation of waterfowls in India.
AVIFAUNA
Over a million birds congregate in this water body for feeding and roosting. Migration commences in late September and the birds remain up to April, but the peak congregation period is mid-December to middle of January. Birds belonging to over 230 species including 14 birds of prey (32% aquatic, 22%waders, and 46% terrestrial birds) are seen in this lake, of which 95 species are intercontinental and local migrants. Flocks of migratory waterfowl arrive from as far as the Caspian Sea, Lake Baikal, remote parts of Russia, central and south East Asia, Ladakh and the Himalayas for feeding and roosting. 15 species of ducks and two species of geese (Order: Anseriformes), cover over 70% of the migratory birds which visit this lagoon annually. The ducks and geese are followed by coots, rails and cranes (Gruiformes) 15%; waders/shore birds (Charadriformes) 12%; pelicans (Pelecaniformes) 1.5%; grebes (Podicipediformes) 1%; kites, eagles etc. (Falconiformes) and kingfishers (Coraciformes) 0.5%.
To
WATERFOWL ESTIMATION-2004
Chilika holds the highest concentration of waterfowl. The 2004 survey estimates total of 8, 66,477 birds representing 137 species of which 85 are migrant species. Waterfowl visitation to Chilika in 2004 was 1.9 times the number in comparison to the year 2003.

In Chilika during the current bird migration season, maximum congregation of waterfowl (migratory and local) was observed in peripheral marshy areas of the Chilika lagoon such as: Kalupada ghatt, Manglajodi, Sorana, etc.

OTHER FAUNA
The other vertebrate fauna includes:· 321 species of fish and crab (fresh water, estuarine and marine species), · 7 species of amphibians, · 30 species of reptiles (12 species of lizards and 18 species of snakes) and · 18 species of mammals. Two major crabs species (Scylla serreta and Neptunus pelagicus), available in Chilika are of commercial importance.

ENDANGERED SPECIES
Most notable and endangered species also included in the Schedule-1 of the Wildlife Protection)Act ) available in the lagoon are:· Barkudia insularis, a limbless lizard/skink (this skink is named after the "Barukuda" island of the lake); · an aquatic mammal i.e., Irrawaddy dolphin, Orcaella brevirostris ,· Fishing cat( Felis viverrina), · White bellied sea eagle (Haliaeetus leucogaster), White spoon bill (Platalea leucorodia), Osprey (Pandion haliaetus), and · Spoon billed sandpiper (Eurynorhynchus pygmeus).
DOLPHINS
The population of Irrawaddy or Snubfin dolphins, Orcaella brevirostris (locally known as "Bhuasuni Magar") is threatened due to intensive fishing and plying of mechanised boats in the lake. At present there are about 80-90 Irrawaddy dolphins in the entire lake. A small population of Bottle nosed dolphin, Sousa chinensis also migrate in to the lagoon from the sea.

ARRIBADA OF OLIVE RIDLEY SEA TURTLES
The mass nesting beach (rookery) along the Chilika coast is at Rushikulya which is located at the southern Orissa coast. It spreads over six km. stretching from the coastline in front of village Purunabandh (one Km north of Rushikulya river mouth) to the beach in front of Kantiagada village of Ganjam District. The nesting beach is much wide, more or less flat with scattered sand dunes of 1 - 2 m high. The average beach width is about 100 m from near the high tide line, though at some places the width of the beach is more than 100 m. About 2,00,000 turtles estimated to have nested in this rookery in the arribada of March, 1994. In subsequent years there was a decline in the number of turtles nesting at this rookery (1994-95: 0.60lakhs; 1995-96: 1.18 lakhs; 1996-97: 0.25 lakhs; 1997-98: 0.085 lakhs). There was no mass nesting in this rookery during 1998-99, 1999-2000 and 2002. However, a total of 1.59 lakh turtles came to the Rushikulya rookery during the first mass nesting period of 2000-01. The first mass nesting at this rookery continued over a 7 days period starting from 26th February to 4th March 2001. The mass nesting figures for the last three years are as follows (2001-02:0.35 lakhs; 2002-03:2.8 lakhs; 2003-04: 2.01 lakhs).

THREATS
Chilika Lake is threatened by siltation, eutrophication, change in salinity regime, proliferation of freshwater weed, increased aquaculture activities, changes in species composition, depletion of bio- resources, and decrease in fish population etc.
People have been using migratory birds arriving in Chilika for wintering as a source of protein supplement for quite some time. With the passage of time, this source of protein supplement has also become a source of livelihood for them. The inaccessibility of certain pockets due to weed infestation has boosted their activity as they find easy escape routes in these areas.

HYDROLOGICAL INTERVENTION
In a major intervention to manipulate the lake hydrology, a new mouth was opened near Ramabhartia in the year 2000 by the Chilika Development Authority (CDA), Bhubaneswar to let fresh ingress of seawater into the lake. The results of this intervention indicate that the salinity levels inside the lagoon have increased to certain extent in comparison to previous years, which apparently has led to decrease in the weed growth area and increase in fish catch. Impact of this manipulation (increased salinity level in the lake) on the ecosystem of the lake as a whole and Nalaban Sanctuary in particular and on the population of migratory birds / waterfowl in the lake needs closer assessment.
PROTECTION MEASURES
In an innovative experiment to wean the poachers away from poaching, a massive awareness programme has been undertaken and bird protection committees have been formed. These committees assist the Forest Department in their protection efforts during the migratory season. In some areas, like Mangalajodi and Bhusandpur, the response from the villagers has been encouraging. These efforts are supplemented with the establishment of anti-poaching camps at strategic points along the coast line. To encourage eco-tourism, training camps for eco-guides and boat-man associations at Balugaon and Satpada are being organised.
HABITAT DEVELOPMENT
Habitat development inside the sanctuary is being done with funds received from Govt. of India and Chilika Development Authority. These measures include raising up of plantations, digging and renovation of creeks and digging of pon

CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGY

The State Environment Department and the Chilika Development Authority have taken several measures for conservation and management of this unique wetland and its rich biodiversity, with the support of the Ministry of E &F, Govt. of India. These measures include:· Protection of migratory waterfowl and other species prone to poaching for meat.· Catchments area treatment· Weed control· Restoration of the feeding and roosting habitat of water fowl· Pollution control· Creation of awareness about the values and functions of wetland· Research and development activities· Community participation· Capacity building· Building of Data base of the lagoon · Promotion of eco-tourism
The changing profile of the lake has led to new challenges. The bird congregation, which was largely confined to Nalaban and other four to five areas, has now dispersed to peripheral areas such as Kalupada, Mangalajodi, and Bhusandpur, etc. This has posed a problem of protection of birds due to difficulty in accessibility of the area and constraint of resources. Increase in tourism inside Chilika has given rise to death of Irrawaddy dolphins, which may at a later stage be detrimental to the overall population of these endangered dolphins. This, however, has also offered opportunities to work hand in hand with other stakeholders working in the area for overall conservation of the lagoon.

Monday, October 13, 2008

lord jagannath



wallpapers posted by :sri chandan moharana(cuttack)

Sunday, October 12, 2008

oriya movie

www.oriyafilmindustry.blogspot.com
This is a blog dedicated to oriya film industry.
क्रेअतेद बी :मृदु मलय मोहपात्रा(पपू)

Jai Jagannath
















welcome to orissa